Young Merton developed a strong interest in magic, heavily influenced by his sister’s boyfriend. Merton initially as a stage name for his magic performances. In 1994, Merton stated that growing up in South Philadelphia provided young people with “every sort of capital-social capital, cultural capital, human capital, and, above all, what we may call public capital-that is, with every sort of capital except the personally financial.” As a student at South Philadelphia High School, he was a frequent visitor to nearby cultural and educational venues, including the Andrew Carnegie Library, the Academy of Music, the Central Library, and the Museum of Arts. His father later became a carpenter’s assistant to support the family.Įven though Merton grew up fairly poor, he believed that he had been afforded many opportunities. His mother was Ida Rasovskaya, and Aaron Schkolnickoff was his facther and by profession he was a tailor. Merton’s family faced very difficult time when his dairy-product shop in South Philadelphia burned down. Robert King Merton was born in a family of Yiddish-speaking Russian Jews who had immigrated to the United States in 1904. Merton emphasized that person have always status set rather than one status and role and person behave as per the expectation of society. The term grew from his theory of the reference group, the group to which individuals compare themselves but to which they do not necessarily belong. Social roles were central to Merton’s theory of social groups. Merton’s concept of the “role model” first appeared in a study on the socialization of medical students at Columbia University. The concept of self-fulfilling prophecy, which is central element in modern sociological, political, and economic theory, is one type of process through which a belief or expectation affects the outcome of a situation or the way a person or group will behave. More specifically, as Merton defined, “the self-fulfilling prophecy is, in the beginning, a false definition of the situation evoking a new behavior, which makes the originally false conception come true.” Merton developed notable concepts, such as “unintended consequences”, the “reference group”, and “role strain”, but is perhaps best known for the terms “role model” and “self-fulfilling prophecy”. In 1994 he was awarded the National Medal of Science for his contributions to the field and for having founded the sociology of science. He spent most of his career teaching at Columbia University, where he attained the rank of University Professor. He was an American sociologist who is considered as founding father of modern sociology, and a major contributor to the subfield of criminology. His real name was born Meyer Robert Schkolnick and was born on 4 th July 1910 and died at New York on 23 rd February 2003 at the age of 92. Robert King Merton, popularly known as Robert Merton. Cole Stephen Cole Cynthia Fuchs Epstein Nathan Glazer Peter Blau Lewis Coser Barney Glaser Alvin Gouldner Talcott Parsons, Lawrence Joseph Henderson, George Sarton Structural Functionalism Other academic advisors School of Thought John Desmond Bernal Prize (1982) National Medal of Science (1994) Self-fulfilling prophecy Self-defeating prophecy Merton’s strain theory of deviance Role model Reference group Mertonian norms Merton thesis Matthew effect Harvard University (MA) (PhD) Temple University (BA) Meyer Robert Schkolnick (Real Name) on Jat Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.įebruary 23, 2003 (aged 92) New York City, New York, U.S. Structural Functionalism of Robert Merton.Critique of Talcott Parsonsian Functionalism.
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